Fig. 4

Interaction plot of MR estimates of the causal effect of PCSK9 on LDL-C. Colour indicates strata-settings, and symbols the analysis modes (circle: all four instrumental variables, triangle: rs11583680 left out). A Sex interactions: Only in the statin-free setting there is a difference in effect sizes between sexes (green circle). B Significant statin interactions: Throughout all settings, statin-free individuals had higher causal estimates than statin-treated subjects, although the difference is not significant in women (pink circle and triangle)