Fig. 4

XX-specific enhancement in response to HKSP is dependent on the gut microbiome. The number of IgM-secreting B cells produced in response to HKSP immunization was assessed by ELISpot in male and female FCG mice possessing intact or antibiotically depleted gut microbiomes. Data are presented collectively for three-way ANOVA analyses (A) and separated by sex [females (B) and males (C)] for two-way ANOVA analyses to uncover chromosome roles independent of circulating sex hormones. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM with each point representing one mouse. Statistics by three-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons (A) or two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (B, C). Significance indicated are representative of Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests. Comparisons in graphs are representative of multiple comparisons tests; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001. Abx = antibiotics. ANOVA main and interactive effects are provided in Additional file 9: Tables S8-S9