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Table 1 Demographics and clinical features of whole cohort

From: Sex differences for clinical correlates of substantia nigra neuron loss in people with Lewy body pathology

 

Females (n = 159)

Males (n = 263)

p value

Age at baseline visit

75.0 (9.81)

72.7 (8.62)

0.040*

Years of education

16.9 (13.5)

16.5 (5.97)

0.73

Ethnicity, Hispanic (%)

3 (1.9%)

9 (3.4%)

0.73

Race (%)

  

0.1

 -Asian

2 (1.3%)

0 (0%)

 -Black or African American

11 (6.9%)

7 (2.7%)

 -White

146 (91.8%)

254 (96.6%)

Age at last visit

79.6 (10.7)

76.9 (9.34)

0.023*

Age at death

81.6 (10.2)

78.7 (9.30)

0.017*

Follow-up duration, years

4.63 (3.65)

4.16 (2.93)

0.22

Age at cognitive decline onset

70.8 (10.9)

68.3 (9.45)

0.040*

Cognitive state at baseline visit (%)

  

0.023*

 -Normal cognition

35 (22.0%)

21 (8.0%)

 -Cognitively impaired but not MCI

3 (1.9%)

3 (1.1%)

 -MCI

32 (20.1%)

67 (25.5%)

 -Dementia

89 (56.0%)

172 (65.4%)

Cognitive state at last visit (%)

  

0.058

 -Normal cognition

18 (11.3%)

12 (4.6%)

 -Cognitively impaired but not MCI

5 (3.1%)

5 (1.9%)

 -MCI

13 (8.2%)

22 (8.4%)

 -Dementia

123 (77.4%)

224 (85.2%)

CDR®–SOB at last visit

10.2 (6.90)

10.8 (6.09)

0.5

NPI-Q at last visit

5.38 (5.50)

7.70 (6.88)

0.005*

Clinical diagnosis of Lewy body disease (%)

41 (25.8%)

113 (43.0%)

0.005*

 -Parkinson’s disease

16 (10.1%)

55 (20.9%)

0.017*

 -Parkinson’s disease dementia

9 (5.7%)

41 (15.6%)

0.017*

 -Dementia with Lewy bodies

25 (15.7%)

58 (22.1%)

0.18

Clinical diagnosis of AD (%)

109 (68.6%)

191 (72.6%)

0.5

Cognitive fluctuations during FU (%)

44 (32.6%)

109 (44.3%)

0.058

Visual hallucinations during FU (%)

61 (38.6%)

105 (40.1%)

0.82

REM sleep behavior disorder during FU (%)

29 (21.6%)

97 (39.9%)

0.005*

Parkinsonism during FU (%)

71 (47.3%)

156 (60.9%)

0.024*

Interval between last visit and death, months

24.5 (25.2)

22.6 (24.1)

0.55

  1. All variables are reported as mean (standard deviation) or count (percentage). Group comparisons were performed using χ2, t and Mann–Whitney U (cognitive state) tests, as appropriate. Statistical significance is bolded and marked with * for FDR-corrected p < .05
  2. AD Alzheimer’s disease, CDR®–SOB CDR® Dementia Staging Instrument–Sum of Boxes, FU follow-up, MCI mild cognitive impairment, NPI-Q Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire