Fig. 2
Performance development between the two sexes. Measurement of performance is the sum of correct trials per session. Shown here is the performance for A: all subjects and B1–B3: separated by tDCS polarity. For every subfigure, females’ performance gains are compared to males’. Trendlines indicate performance gains over time, with steeper inclines corresponding to higher performance gains. We found a significant effect of sex when analysing all conditions in a single group (A), with female’s performance increase surpassing male’s (p = 0.0038). For polarity (B1–B3), we found that females improved significantly over males under anodal conditions (B1; p = 0.0070), whereas no difference was found under cathodal (B2; p = 0.3258) or sham condition (B3; p = 0.2063). *Groups where performance gains differ significantly (p < 0.05)